这个小工具是在做数据处理期间，为了减少自己的工作量临时编写的。主要利用百度地图api对从NSII网站上获取的标本数据批量查询经纬度。

使用前需要对标本数据做一定的预处理，使标本数据为以下格式的json文件：

[
    {
        "NO": "50",
        "CNname": "白芷",
        "LDname": "Angelica dahurica",
        "Province": "北京市",
        "Local": "百花山"
    },
    {
        "NO": "51",
        "CNname": "白芷",
        "LDname": "Angelica dahurica",
        "Province": "北京市",
        "Local": "百花山"
    },
    {
        "NO": "52",
        "CNname": "白芷",
        "LDname": "Angelica dahurica",
        "Province": "北京市",
        "Local": "百花山"
    },
    ……
]

工具是用typescript编写的，所以需要nodejs环境并安装typescript，相关知识网上查询，具体代码如下：

import axios from "axios";
import fs from "fs";

interface eachData {
    NO: string;
    CNname: string;
    LDname: string;
    Province: string;
    Local: string;
}
type AllJsonData = eachData[];
interface BaiduResult {
    status: number;
    result: {
        location: {
            lng: number;
            lat: number;
        }
        precise: number;
        confidence: number;
        comprehension: number;
        level: string;
        analys_level: string;
    }
}
interface AllResult {
    NO: string;
    lng: number;
    lat: number;
    comprehension: number;
}

const Sleep = (ms:number) => {
    return new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, ms))
}

const jsonData: AllJsonData = require("./白芷样点数据-NSII.json");//这里填写你的数据json路径

class LocationRequest {
    constructor(AllJsonData: AllJsonData) {
        this.DataSet = AllJsonData;
    }

    private static BaiduAPIKey = "baiduapikey";//这里填写自己申请的百度地图apikey，申请方法可网上查询
    private static Url = "https://api.map.baidu.com/geocoding/v3/";
    DataSet: AllJsonData;

    async GetLocationOnce(Local: string, Province: string): Promise<BaiduResult> {
        const { data } = await axios.get(LocationRequest.Url +
            "?output=json&ak=" + LocationRequest.BaiduAPIKey +
            "&address=" + Local +
            "&city=" + Province +
            "&extension_analys_level=1");
        return data as BaiduResult;
    }

    async GetAllLocation(): Promise<AllResult[]> {
        let allResult: AllResult[] = [];
        for (let i = 0; i < this.DataSet.length; i++) {
            if(this.DataSet[i].Province != "0未记录" && this.DataSet[i].Local != "0未记录"){
                try {
                    const data = await this.GetLocationOnce(this.DataSet[i].Local, this.DataSet[i].Province);
                    console.log(`${this.DataSet[i].NO}：经纬度为:${data.result.location.lat},${data.result.location.lng},可解析度为:${data.result.comprehension}`);
                    allResult.push({
                        NO: this.DataSet[i].NO,
                        lng: data.result.location.lng,
                        lat: data.result.location.lat,
                        comprehension: data.result.comprehension
                    })
                } catch (error) {
                    console.log(`${this.DataSet[i].NO}的经纬度获取失败!\n${error}`);
                    allResult.push({
                        NO: this.DataSet[i].NO,
                        lng: 0,
                        lat: 0,
                        comprehension: 0
                    })
                }
            }else{
                console.log(`${this.DataSet[i].NO}未记录省市或区!`);
                allResult.push({
                    NO: this.DataSet[i].NO,
                    lng: 0,
                    lat: 0,
                    comprehension: 0
                })
            }
            await Sleep(2000);
        }
        return allResult;
    }
}

async function main() {
    const data =await new LocationRequest(jsonData).GetAllLocation();
    try {
        fs.writeFileSync("./白芷样点经纬度.json", JSON.stringify(data));//这里填写你想结果输出的位置的路径
        console.log("写入成功!");
    } catch (error) {
        console.log(error);
    }
}

main();

成功运行后会输出一个json文件，内容格式如下：

[
    {
        "NO": "29",
        "lng": 115.7844632112745,   //经度
        "lat": 33.850642695788835,  //纬度
        "comprehension": 100          //可信度
    },
    {
        "NO": "30",
        "lng": 115.7844632112745,
        "lat": 33.850642695788835,
        "comprehension": 100
    },
    {
        "NO": "31",
        "lng": 115.7844632112745,
        "lat": 33.850642695788835,
        "comprehension": 100
    },
    ……
]

这个课题结束后可能会把这个工具用python重构并整合到我自己的工具脚本里吧